Thousands of years ago people value

Thousands of years ago people valued gold as a rare and beautiful substance. They also understood that gold had a unique ability to resist decay and corrosion. Since there was no known acid or other substance that could damage gold, they thought that gold had a quality of performance that could be transmitted to humans. Therefore, every medicine that fought ageing contained gold as an essential ingredient and doctors urged people to drink from gold cups to prolong life.

This universal desire for gold made alchemy a formal discipline in the first century A.D. It first appeared among Greek scholars, then spread to eastern Mediterranean countries, and finally to Spain and Italy in the 12th century. Though the attempts to produce gold from other substances was the original and central purpose of alchemy, a number of physician-alchemists in Europe in the Middle Ages tried to produce medicines that were not dependent on gold or related to it.

They worked to produce medicines and spirits from raw materials, such as herbs, and in this way improved methods of separating elements by distillation. For example, as early as the 13th century, Thaddeus of Florence identified the medical benefits of alcohol distillates taken internally and applied locally. Paracelsus (1493-1541), the German-Swiss physician and alchemist, was the first person to unite medicine with chemistry through his use of remedies that contained mercury, sulphur, iron, and copper sulphate. This led to steam distillation and improved equipment.

The development of apparatus and the extensive efforts to break down or distil substances laid the foundation for modern chemistry, but as true science began to evolve during the Renaissance, the study of alchemy blocked the birth of modern chemistry. Some scientists tried to lead people toward reliance on empirical evidence (that is, what can actually be observed and/or measured), but the idea of four essential elements (earth, air, fire, and water) lived on and there was no recognition that these four substances are made up of a combination of basic elements.

Результаты (русский) 1:

Тысячи лет назад люди ценят золото как вещество, редкие и красивые. Они также поняли, что золото имеет уникальную способность противостоять коррозии и гниения. Поскольку не известно кислоты или другие вещества, которые могут повредить золото, они думали, что золото имеет качество исполнения, которые могут передаваться человеку. Поэтому все лекарства, которые воевали старения содержит золото в качестве основного компонента и врачи убеждал людей пить из золота чашки, чтобы продлить жизнь.Это всеобщее стремление к золото сделал Алхимия формальной дисциплины в первом веке нашей эры Он впервые появился среди греческих ученых, затем распространились на страны Восточного Средиземноморья и, наконец, в Испанию и Италию в XII веке. Хотя попытки производства золота из других веществ был оригинальным и центральной целью алхимии, ряд врач алхимики в Европе в средние века, пытались производить лекарства, которые не зависят от золота или связанные с ним.Они работали для производства лекарств и спиртных напитков из сырья, таких как травы и таким образом улучшить методы разделения элементов путем дистилляции. Например еще в XIII веке, Фаддей Флоренции определил медицинские преимущества алкоголя дистилляты внутренне и применения на местном уровне. Парацельс (1493-1541), немецко-швейцарский врач и алхимик, был первым человеком, чтобы объединить медицину с химией посредством его использования средств правовой защиты, которые содержали ртути, серы, железа и сульфата меди. Это привело к паровой дистилляции и усовершенствованного оборудования.Разработка аппарата и значительные усилия, чтобы сломать или перегонять вещества, заложили основу для современной химии, но как истинная наука начал развиваться в эпоху возрождения, исследования алхимии заблокировали рождение современной химии. Некоторые ученые пытались вести людей к полагаться на эмпирических данных (то есть, что может фактически быть замечен и/или измеряется), но идея четырех основных элементов (Земля, воздух, огонь и вода) жили и не было никакого признания, что эти четыре вещества состоит из комбинации основных элементов.

Результаты (русский) 2:

Тысячи лет назад люди ценили золото в качестве редкого и красивого вещества Thousands of years ago people valued gold as a rare and beautiful substance. They also understood that gold had a unique ability to resist decay and corrosion. Since there was no known acid or other substance that could damage gold, they thought that gold had a quality of performance that could be transmitted to humans. Therefore, every medicine that fought ageing contained gold as an essential ingredient and doctors urged people to drink from gold cups to prolong life.

This universal desire for gold made alchemy a formal discipline in the first century A.D. It first appeared among Greek scholars, then spread to eastern Mediterranean countries, and finally to Spain and Italy in the 12th century. Though the attempts to produce gold from other substances was the original and central purpose of alchemy, a number of physician-alchemists in Europe in the Middle Ages tried to produce medicines that were not dependent on gold or related to it.

They worked to produce medicines and spirits from raw materials, such as herbs, and in this way improved methods of separating elements by distillation. For example, as early as the 13th century, Thaddeus of Florence identified the medical benefits of alcohol distillates taken internally and applied locally. Paracelsus (1493-1541), the German-Swiss physician and alchemist, was the first person to unite medicine with chemistry through his use of remedies that contained mercury, sulphur, iron, and copper sulphate. This led to steam distillation and improved equipment.

The development of apparatus and the extensive efforts to break down or distil substances laid the foundation for modern chemistry, but as true science began to evolve during the Renaissance, the study of alchemy blocked the birth of modern chemistry. Some scientists tried to lead people toward reliance on empirical evidence (that is, what can actually be observed and/or measured), but the idea of four essential elements (earth, air, fire, and water) lived on and there was no recognition that these four substances are made up of a combination of basic elements.