Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inv

Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire, a scientist who cared for literature, an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made a fortune but lived a simple life, and although cheerful in company he was often sad when remained alone. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone in a foreign country. He invented a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure people. During his useful life he often felt he was useless. World-famous for his works, he was never personally well-known, for while he lived he avoided publicity. He never expected any reward for what he had done. He once said that he did not see that he had deserved any fame and that he had no taste for it. However, since his death, his name has brought fame and glory to others.
He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833 but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Emmanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Emmanuel Nobel invented the landmine1 and got plenty of money for it from government orders during the Crimean War, but then, quite suddenly went bankrupt. Most of the family went back to Sweden in 1859. Four years later Alfred returned there too, beginning his own study of explosives in his father's laboratory. It so occurred that he had never been to school or University but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty was a skilful chemist and excellent linguist having mastered Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. Like his father, Alfred Nobel was imaginative and inventive, but he had better luck in business and showed more financial sense. He was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward-looking industrialist.
But Nobel was never really concerned about making money or even making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. Probably because he could not find ordinary human love -he never married - he began to care deeply about the whole mankind. He took every opportunity to help the poor: he used to say that he would rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations; and he spent much time and money working for the cause until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, economics, literature and promotion of world peace is a memorial to his interests and ideals. And so the man who often believed that he was useless and had done little to justify his life is remembered and respected long after his death. Nobel's ideals which he expressed long before the threat of nuclear war have become the ideals of all progressive people of the world.
According to Nobel's will the capital was to be safely invested to form a fund. The interest3 on this fund is to be distributed annually in the form of prizes to those who, during the previous year did work of the greatest use to mankind within the field of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, economics, literature and to the person who has done the most for brotherhood between nations, for the abolition or reduction of permanent armies and for the organization and encouragement of peace conferences.
In his will Nobel wrote that it was his firm wish that in choosing the prize winner no consideration should be given to the nationality of the candidates, but that the most worthy should receive the prize, whether he be a Scandinavian or not. This will was written in Paris, on November 27, 1895.
Since Nobel's death many outstanding scientists, writers and public figures from different countries have become Nobel prize winners.

Результаты (узбекский) 1:

Alfred Nobel, buyuk shved ixtirochi va sanoatchi, ko'p kontrastlar bir odam edi. U bankrot o'g'li edi, lekin bir millioner, adabiyot uchun g'amxo'rlik bir olim, bir idealist qolishga muvaffaq bo'lgan korxona egasi bo'ldi. U boylik qildi, lekin oddiy hayot yashadi, va yolg'iz qoldi qachon kompaniya quvnoq bo'lsa-da, u tez-tez xafa bo'ldi. Insoniyatning bir sevgilisi, u xotinini yoki uni sevish oila hech qachon; Uning Vatan vatanparvarlik o'g'li, u chet elda yolg'iz vafot etdi. U tog'-kon va yo'l bino tinchlik vaqtida ishlab chiqarishlarni rivojlantirish uchun yangi portlovchi, dinamit ixtiro, lekin u o'ldirish va odamlarni zarar uchun urush quroli sifatida ishlatilgan ko'rdim. Uning foydali hayoti davomida u tez-tez u foydasiz ekanligini his qildim. U yashagan davr, u oshkoralikni yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun dunyoga mashhur asarlarini uchun, u shaxsan, taniqli hech qachon. U qilgan, nima uchun haq-ajr kutilmoqda hech qachon. U bir marta u har qanday shuhrat loyiq ekanligini va u buning uchun hech ta'mi bor edi, deb ko'rmadim, deb aytdi. Biroq, uning o'limidan keyin, uning ismi. Boshqalarga shuhrat va ulug'vorligini olib keldi
21 oktyabr, 1833, U zot Stokgolmda tug'ilgan lekin uning otasi, Emmanuel, o'zi uchun bir kuchli o'rnini qildi 1842, o'z ota-onasi bilan Rossiyaga ko'chib muhandislik sanoat. Emmanuel Nobel landmine1 ixtiro va Qrim urushi paytida hukumat buyurtmalarini olishga, buning uchun pul mo'l bor, lekin keyin, ancha to'satdan bankrot ketdi. Oila eng Alfred otasining laboratoriyada portlovchi o'z o'rganishni boshlab, u erda juda ko'p qaytib to'rt yil o'tgach, 1859.-yilda Shvetsiyaga qaytib ketdi. Bu shuning uchun u maktab yoki universiteti hech lekin xususiy o'rganib chiqqanini sodir va u yigirma edi vaqt bilan usta kimyogar va mukammal tilshunos Shvetsiya, Rossiya, Germaniya, Frantsiya va ingliz puxta egallab bo'ldi. Uning otasi kabi, Alfred Nobel ijodiy va ijodiy edi, lekin u ish yaxshi omad edi va yana moliyaviy hissini ko'rsatdi. U ilmiy ixtirolar uchun sanoat teshiklarni ko'rish uchun tez bo'ldi va 20 turli mamlakatlarda 80 ortiq kompaniya barpo. Albatta, uning buyukligi bir mulohazali sanayici bo'lgan bilan original olim fazilatlarni birlashtirish, uning mashhur qobiliyati yotadi.
Lekin Nobel pul yoki hatto ilmiy kashfiyotlar qilish haqida, albatta, tashvish hech qachon edi. Kam baxtli, u har doim hayot uchun bir ma'no izlab edi, va yoshligidan adabiyot va falsafa bir jiddiy qiziqish olgan edi. U uylangan hech qachon dedi oddiy inson sevgi topa olmadi, ehtimol, chunki - u butun insoniyat haqida chuqur g'amxo'rlik boshladi. U kambag'al yordam berish uchun har bir imkoniyat oldi: u juda tosh yodgorliklaridan shaklida o'lik ulug'vorligi ko'ra hayot oshqozonimiz g'amxo'rlik, deb aytish uchun ishlatiladi. Uning eng katta orzusi, ammo, bir urush uchun chek, xalqlar o'rtasida shunday tinchlik ko'rish uchun edi; va u mashhur fizika, kimyo, fiziologiya, tibbiyot, iqtisod, adabiyot ish va dunyo rivojlantirish uchun sovrinlar taqdim pul chap bo'lgan 1896. Uning mashhur irodasiga, Italiya uning o'limiga qadar yo'lida ish ko'p vaqt va pul sarf tinchlik, uning manfaatlari va ideallar uchun memorial hisoblanadi. Va shunday qilib, tez-tez u foydasiz ekanini iymon va o'z hayotini oqlash uchun oz qilgan odam esladi va uning vafotidan keyin uzoq hurmat. Yadroviy urush tahdidi. Dunyodagi barcha taraqqiyparvar insonlar ideal aylangan oldin u uzoq bildirdi Nobel ning ideallari
Nobel ning ko'ra kapital xavfsiz fondini shakllantirish uchun sarmoya kerak edi beradi. bu fondi interest3 o'tgan yil davomida o'sha kim, sovrinli o'rinlar ko'rinishida har yili taqsimlanadi iborat edi fizika, kimyo, fiziologiya yoki tibbiyot, iqtisod, adabiyot sohasida va shaxsga insoniyat uchun eng katta foydalanish ish kim bekor yoki doimiy qo'shini va tashkil etish va tinchlik konferentsiyalar rag'batlantirish uchun kamaytirish uchun, xalqlar o'rtasidagi birodarlik uchun eng qilgan.
Uning irodasiga yilda Nobel uning mustahkam mukofot g'olibi tanlashda hech e'tibor berilishi kerak, deb iltimos, deb yozgan nomzodlar millati, balki eng munosib u Skandinaviya yoki emas, balki bo'lsin, mukofot olishlari kerak, deb. Bu iroda 27 noyabr, 1895. kuni Parijda yozilgan
turli mamlakatlardan ko'p mashhur olimlar, yozuvchilar va davlat arboblari Nobel mukofoti sovrindorlari aylangan Nobel vafot beri.