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Division of labour. Without the factors of production, companies cannot get started. To be successful, however, they need to make good use of those resources. To make best use of labour, you need to organise it. The division of labour is one way to achieve this.<br> Let's take making shirts as an example. What do you need to do to make shirts? You need to design it, find the right material, cut the material, sew the pieces together, dye the shirt and sew on the buttons. One person working on their own could probably do all these tasks. This is one way to organise labour. Another way is for the number of workers to share the job. Each worker is responsible for one task in the process. This is an example of the division of labour. <br>The division of labour is not a new idea. Even very early societies had some form of labour specialization. For example, in some societies men were hunters and gatherers of food, while women were responsible for child rearing. However, as societies become industrialized, the division of labour increased. Factories became the main means of production, and each factory worker became responsible for smaller and smaller stages in the process.<br>Поскольку каждый работник получает все больше и больше опыта при выполнении своей конкретной задачи, они становятся лучше и лучше на него. Это должно улучшить качество их работы. С мелкими задачами, чтобы сделать, рабочие могут делать вещи автоматически, не думая о них. Это позволит ускорить их производительность и ускорить весь производственный процесс. Наконец, небольшие задачи легче учиться. Поскольку разделение труда увеличивается, количество времени, необходимого для подготовки каждого работника уменьшается. Все это означает, что более эффективную и продуктивную рабочую силу ... по крайней мере, в теории.<br>There is, however, a human factor to consider. Workers are not machines. Their physical and emotional health has an impact on their productivity. Repeating the same simple task over and over again is very boring. Bored workers can't concentrate easily, and their mistakes will reduce the quality of their output. In addition there is a problem of ownership. Many workers take pride in their work. They don’t just work for wages, but also because they get satisfaction from doing a good job or from creating something useful or beautiful. If you only add buttons to a shirt, you don’t feel that the shirt is your work. You can't take pride in a job that does not need skill to do. In this situation, workers become careless and their work becomes sloppy. Overall, this has a negative impact on productivity.<br>К счастью, роботы и машины теперь могут сделать многие из бессмысленных задач, которые заводчане привыкли делать. Тем не менее, теория разделения труда по-прежнему основополагающее значение для всех современных экономик.
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