London's undergroung1. Bands were p

London's undergroung1. Bands were playing and the gentlemen in hats were preparing to make speeches about their great achievement. They made the first underground railway travel in the world - a distance of almost four miles. It was the year 1863 and on that first historic day 30,000 Londoners used this new and strange way of travel. Now more than a hundred years later the London Underground carries more than a million passengers every day. The total number of passengers carried by the London Underground each year is enormous, and it is constantly growing. 2. In the early days the trains were driven by steam locomotives which burnt coal. It is said that the train staff and porters asked permission to grow beards and moustaches as an early form of smog mask. Now the atmosphere "underground" is considered even better than that outside as germs cannot grow in the dry air and the trains, of course, are electric. 3. The deep tunneling came later, in 1890. Tunneling a tube through miles of clay, and sometimes sand and gravel is no easy task, and it was James Henry Greathead who developed the method which was to make most of London's tube tunnels possible. London transport's experience with tunnels brought them another record. One of the longest continuous railway tunnels in the world is the 17 1/2 mile tunnel on the Northern line. 4. There are numerous escalators which help to keep the traffic moving. The first was installed in 1911. One of them at Leicester Square is over 80 feet in length. On long escalators the speed is changeable. The "up" escalator runs at full speed when carrying passengers, but when empty it runs at half speed. Many of the new escalators have automatic control making a more frequent service throughout the day possible. 5. Safety was always one of the main concerns of London transport. In spite of the fact that trains often follow each other within seconds, it is said that the London Underground is the safest form of transport in the world. Automatic signaling is operated by the trains themselves. A programmed machine controls routes, if changes are necessary; they are made automatically and with lightning speed. No accidents can happen through human weakness. New automatic driving systems are now being used. The air in the Underground is changed every quarter of an hour, and the temperature all year round is maintained at 69-79 degrees Fahrenheit. 6. Though the quality of service is high there is still significant overcrowding on certain lines at peak periods. This problem is being discussed and additional improvement of service is planned for the future. A number of station modernization schemes are being completed. The aim is to provide a more attractive environment for the passengers. The usage of modern materials makes maintenance easier. This modernization is coordinated with the renewal of lifts and escalators and the introduction of new ticketing machines. The fare in the Underground depends on the distance, but the lowest is 50 pence. The Underground is becoming much cleaner and brighter and therefore more pleasant to use, carrying more passengers than at any time in its long history. Crime levels in London are generally reflected by crime levels on London's transport. According to the statistics the crime level in the Underground is rather high. To ensure safety of passengers and the staff the transport authorities added more police officers to the Underground System to guarantee as much protection as possible.

Результаты (узбекский) 1:

Londondagi undergroung1. Chiziqlar o'ynab qilindi va qalpoq janoblar ularning katta yutug'i haqida nutq qilish tayyorlash edi. deyarli to'rt kilometr masofani - Ular dunyoda birinchi er osti temir yo'l safar qildi. Bu yil 1863 edi va birinchi tarixiy kuni 30000 London sayohat, bu yangi va g'alati yo'l ishlatiladi. Endi yuzdan ortiq yil o'tib London Underground ko'proq million bir ziyod yo'lovchiga har kuni oshiradi. har yili London Underground yo'lovchilar umumiy soni juda katta va bu doimiy ortib bormoqda. 2. dastlabki kunlarida poezdlar ko'mir yoqib, bug 'lokomotiv etganligidan. Bu poezd xodimlari va darvozabonlar chang niqobi erta shakli sifatida soqol va mo'ylovlarini o'sadi uchun ruxsat so'radi, deb aytiladi. Endi "er osti" atmosfera mikroblar quruq havo va poezdlarda ham o'sishi mumkin, deb bu tashqaridan ham yaxshiroq hisoblanadi, albatta, elektr mavjud. 3. chuqur tunnel loydan chaqirim orqali 1890 tunnel bir tube yilda, keyinchalik kelgan, va ba'zan qum va shag'al oson ish emas, va u Londondagi naycha eng iloji tunnel qilish edi usuli ishlab chiqilgan James Henry Greathead edi. tunnel bilan London transport tajribasi ularga yana bir rekord keltirdi. Dunyodagi eng uzun uzluksiz temir tunnel biri Shimoliy liniyasi 17 1/2 mil tunnel hisoblanadi. 4. transport harakatlanuvchi ushlab qolish uchun yordam ko'plab yurgan bor. birinchi Lester maydonida ulardan 1911 bittada o'rnatilgan edi uzunligi 80 fut ustidadir. uzoq yurgan narvonlarini Tez o'zgaruvchan bo'ladi. yo'lovchilar tashiyotgan qachon "yuqoriga" eskalator to'liq tezlikda ishlaydi, lekin qachon bo'sh yarim tezlikda ishlaydi. yangi yurgan ko'p imkon kun davomida ancha tez-tez xizmat qilish avtomatik nazorat bor. 5. Xavfsizlik har doim London transport asosiy masalalardan biri bo'ldi. tez-tez soniya davomida bir-biriga amal tayyorlaydi qaramay, u London Underground dunyoda transport xavfsiz shakli deb aytiladi. Avtomatik signal poezd o'zlari tomonidan boshqariladi. o'zgarishlar zarur bo'lsa, A dasturlashtirilgan mashinasi, yo'nalishlarini nazorat qiladi; Ular avtomatik ravishda va yashin tezligida amalga oshiriladi. No baxtsiz hodisalar inson zaiflik bilan sodir bo'lishi mumkin. Yangi avtomatik haydash tizimlari endi ishlatiladi. Underground havo bir soat, har chorak o'zgaradi, va harorat butun yil davomida 69-79 daraja Farangeyt muhofaza qilinadi. xizmat sifati yuqori bo'lsa-da cho'qqisi davrlarda ayrim liniyalarda muhim bir oz bo'shatildi hali bor 6. hisoblanadi. Bu muammo muhokama qilinmoqda va qo'shimcha xizmat takomillashtirish kelajagi uchun rejalashtirilgan. modernizasiya sxemalarini bir qator tugallanmoqda. maqsadi yo'lovchilar uchun yanada jozibador muhitini ta'minlash hisoblanadi. zamonaviy materiallar foydalanish texnik oson qiladi. Bu modernizatsiya Asansörler va yurgan narvonlarini yangilash va yangi chipta mashinalari joriy etish bilan muvofiqlashtirish etiladi. Underground yilda yo'lovchi masofa bog'liq, lekin eng past 50 pens hisoblanadi. Underground uzoq tarixida har qanday vaqtda ko'proq yo'lovchilar tashiyotgan, ko'p toza va porloq va foydalanish shuning uchun ko'proq yoqimli bo'lib kelmoqda. Londonda jinoyat darajasi odatda Londondagi transportida jinoyat darajadagi tomonidan aks ettiriladi. Statistika ma'lumotlariga ko'ra Underground jinoyatchilik darajasi ancha yuqori bo'ladi. yo'lovchilar va xodimlar xavfsizligini ta'minlash uchun transport hukumati imkon qadar himoya kafolat Underground tizimi yanada politsiya xodimini qo'shiladi.