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00:05:41,095 — > 00:05:46,089 They were built by people who had culture, who had style. Here's where they showed off that style. 00:05:51,535 — > 00:05:55,414 A fully equipped, all-purpose Neolithic living room, complete with luxuries and necessities. 00:05:58,615 — > 00:06:02,324 Necessities? Well, at the centre, a hearth, around which they warmed themselves and cooked. A stone tank in which to keep live fish bait. 00:06:18,495 — > 00:06:22,204 Some houses had drains underneath them, so they must have had, believe it or not, indoor toilets. 00:06:26,295 — > 00:06:30,846 Luxuries? The orthopaedically correct stone bed may not seem particularly luxurious, but the addition of heather and straw would have softened the sleeping surface and would have made this bed seem rather snug. 00:06:44,655 — > 00:06:48,443 At the centre of it all was this spectacular dresser on which our house-proud villagers would set out all their most precious stuff. 00:06:57,935 — > 00:07:03,805 Fine bone and ivory necklaces, beautifully carved stone objects, everything designed to make a grand interior statement. 00:07:33,935 — > 00:07:36,927 Given the rudimentary nature of their tools, it would have taken countless man hours to build not only these dwellings but the great circles of stone where they would have gathered to worship. 00:07:47,455 — > 00:07:53,769 Skara Brae wasn't just an isolated settlement of fishers and farmers. Its people must have belonged to some larger society, one sophisticated enough to mobilise the army of toilers and craftsmen needed, not just to make these monuments, but to stand them on end. 00:08:07,255 — > 00:08:12,534 They were just as concerned about housing the dead as the living. The mausoleum at Maes Howe, a couple of miles from Skara Brae, seems no more than a swelling on the grassy landscape. 00:08:22,455 — > 00:08:25,015 This is, as it were, a British pyramid and in keeping with our taste for understatement, it reserves all its impact for the interior. Imagine them open once more. 00:08:37,215 — > 00:08:42,084 A detail from a village given the job of pulling back the stone seals, lugging the body through the low opening in the earth. Up 36 feet of narrow, tight-fitting passageway, lit only once a year by the rays of the winter solstice. 00:08:55,255 — > 00:09:00,727 A death canal, constriction, smelling of the underworld. 00:09:15,815 — > 00:09:19,524 Finally the passageway opens up to this stupendous, high-vaulted masonry chamber. Some tombs would have been elaborately decorated with carvings in the form of circles or spirals, like waves or the breeze-pushed clouds. 00:09:32,975 — > 00:09:36,968 Others would have had neat stone stores or cubicles where the bodies would be laid out on shelves. 00:09:44,895 — > 00:09:48,524 The grandest tombs had openings cut in the wall, to create side chambers where the most important bodies could be laid out in aristocratic spaciousness like family vaults in a country church. 00:10:02,495 — > 00:10:06,090 Unlike medieval knights, these grandees were buried with eagles and dogs, or even treasure. The kind of thing the Vikings who broke into these tombs thousands of years later were quick to filch. 00:10:19,935 — > 00:10:24,690 In return, these early tomb raiders left their own legacy. These wonderful graffiti.
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