For management of any company to be

For management of any company to be efficient, extensive and accurate information concerning receipts and payments, assets and liabilities, depreciation of assets and other data about company status are required. Such information being obtained mainly from different records, additional funds and time should be invested in bookkeeping and accounting system.

In general, accounting and bookkeeping mean identifying, measuring, recording economic information about any business, bookkeeping being considered the preliminary stage and part of the larger field of accounting.

The task of a bookkeeper is to ensure the record-keeping aspect of accounting and therefore to provide the data to which accounting principles are applied in the preparation of financial statements. Bookkeeping provides the basic accounting data by systematical recording such day-to-day financial information as income from the sale of products or services, expenses of business operations such as the cost of goods sold and overheard expenses such as a rent, wages, salaries.

Accounting principles determine which financial events and transactions should be recorded in the bookkeeper’s books. The analysis and interpretation of these records is the primary function of accounting. The various financial statements produced by accountants then provide managers with the basis for future financial planning and control, and provide other interested parties with useful information about the company.

Modern accounting system is considered to be a seven-step cycle. The first three steps fall under the bookkeeping function, such us : 1) the systematic recording of financial transactions; 2) the transferring of the amounts from various journals to general ledger; 3) the drawing up of the trial balance.

Record keeping of companies is based on a double-entry system, due to which each transaction is recorded on the basis of its dual impact on the company’s financial position. To make a complete bookkeeping record of every transaction in a journal, one should consider interrelated aspects of every transaction, and entries must be in different accounts to keep the ins and outs balanced.

A typical account is known to have two sides: the items on the left side are called debits, while the items on the right side are credits.

Thus, double-entry bookkeeping doesn’t mean that the same transaction is entered twice, it means that the same amount of money is always debited to one account and credited to another account, each record having its own effect on the whole financial structure of the company. Certain accounts are increased with debits and decreased with credits, while other accounts are increased with credits and decreased with debits.

In the second step in the accounting cycle, the amounts from the various journals are usually monthly transferred to the company’s general ledger – a procedure called posting. Posting data to the ledgers is followed by listing the balances of all the accounts and calculating whether the sum of all the debit balances agrees with the sum of all the credit balances. This procedure known as the drawing up of a trial balance and those that follow is usually take place at the end of the fiscal year. By making a trial balance, the record-keeping accuracy can be checked. The trial balance having been successfully prepared, the bookkeeping portion of the accounting cycle is completed.

The double-entry system of bookkeeping enables every company to determine at any time the value of each item that is owned, how much of this value belongs to creditors, the total profit and how much belongs to the business clear of debt. Thus, one advantage of the double-entry system is that its information is complete enough to byused as the basis for making business decisions. Another advantage is that errors are readily detected, since the system is based on equations that must always be in balance.

Результаты (русский) 1:

Для управления любой компании, чтобы быть эффективной, обширной и точной информации, касающейся поступлений и платежей, активов и пассивов требуются амортизации активов и другие данные о компании. Такая информация были получены главным образом из различных записей, дополнительные средства и время должны инвестироваться в системы учета и бухгалтерского учета.В общем бухгалтерского учета и бухгалтерского учета означает выявления, измерения, учета экономической информации о любой бизнес, бухгалтерия, рассматриваются на предварительной стадии и частью большей области бухгалтерского учета.Бухгалтер, задача обеспечить учет аспектов учета и поэтому предоставлять данные для которых принципов бухгалтерского учета применяются в подготовке финансовых ведомостей. Бухгалтерский учет предоставляет основные данные бухгалтерского учета путем систематической записи такой повседневной финансовой информации как доход от продажи продукции или услуг, расходы деловых операций, таких как стоимость товаров продано и услышал расходы, такие, как арендная плата, заработная плата, оклады.Принципы бухгалтерского учета определяет, какие финансовые события и операции должны быть записаны в книгах бухгалтера. Анализ и интерпретация этих записей является основной функцией бухгалтерского учета. Различные финансовые ведомости, подготовленные бухгалтерами затем предоставить менеджеров с основой для будущего финансового планирования и управления и других заинтересованных сторон с полезной информацией о компании.Modern accounting system is considered to be a seven-step cycle. The first three steps fall under the bookkeeping function, such us : 1) the systematic recording of financial transactions; 2) the transferring of the amounts from various journals to general ledger; 3) the drawing up of the trial balance.Record keeping of companies is based on a double-entry system, due to which each transaction is recorded on the basis of its dual impact on the company’s financial position. To make a complete bookkeeping record of every transaction in a journal, one should consider interrelated aspects of every transaction, and entries must be in different accounts to keep the ins and outs balanced.A typical account is known to have two sides: the items on the left side are called debits, while the items on the right side are credits.Thus, double-entry bookkeeping doesn’t mean that the same transaction is entered twice, it means that the same amount of money is always debited to one account and credited to another account, each record having its own effect on the whole financial structure of the company. Certain accounts are increased with debits and decreased with credits, while other accounts are increased with credits and decreased with debits.На втором шаге в рамках цикла отчетности, обычно ежемесячно переводятся суммы из различных журналов компании ГК – процедура называется проводки. Размещение данных в журналы следуют листинг сальдо счетов и расчета ли сумма всех дебетовых остатков соглашается с суммой всех балансов кредита. Эта процедура, известная как составление пробного баланса и те, которые следуют обычно происходят в конце финансового года. Делая пробный баланс, ведение точность может быть проверена. Пробный баланс успешно подготовив, завершена часть бухгалтерского учета цикла.Двойная система бухгалтерского учета позволяет каждой компании для определения в любое время, значение каждого пункта, который является собственностью, сколько это значение принадлежит кредиторам, Общая прибыль и сколько принадлежит к бизнесу очистить долга. Таким образом одним из преимуществ системы двойной записи является, что его информация является достаточно полным для того, чтобы byused как основу для принятия бизнес-решений. Еще одно преимущество заключается в том, что легко обнаружены ошибки, поскольку система на основе уравнений, которые всегда должны быть в равновесии.