1. The bones form the skeleton of the body. The most important part of the skeleton is the backbone. It is so important that naturalists divided all animals into two classes - those which have a backbone and those which have none. All the higher animals have a backbone, or vertebral column and they are therefore called (называются) vertebrate animals. The others are called invertebrate animals.
2. The bones which form the skeleton or bony framework of the body include the bones of the head, the bones of the trunk, the bones of the lower and upper limbs.
3. At the upper end of the backbone there is the skull. Inside the skull is the brain. The bones of the head include the bones which make up the box-like structure, the skull, and freely movable bone which forms our lower jaw.
4. There is another box of bones in front of the backbone. The ribs, which join the backbone behind and bend round towards the breastbone in front, form a strong cage - the chest, inside of which there is the heart and the lungs. The bones of the trunk include the spinal column, the ribs and the breastbone.
5. The arms join the body at the shoulder, and the shoulder itself consists of two bones - the collar-bone in front, and the shoulder-blade behind. Between the shoulder and the elbow there is only one bone in the arm, but between the elbow and the wrist there are two. In the wrist there are eight small bones. They are bound (связаны) together, but their large number allows the wrist to bend freely. Next come the bones of the hand itself. In the body or palm of the hand there are five long bones - one for each finger and one for the thumb. Each of the fingers has three bones, and the thumb has two. Thus we have twenty-seven bones in the framework of the hand and wrist alone.
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1. lom skeleton Dumerbe' Hom. 'ach potlh 'ay' skeleton backbone. 'oH potlh vaj 'e' Hoch Ha'DIbaH wav naturalists vaj cha' Segh-nuv backbone jechlaHbe'bogh 'ej nuv pagh jechlaHbe'bogh. backbone ghaj Hoch veb Ha'DIbaH joq (называются) vertebrate Ha'DIbaH vaj pong vertebral tut je. Ha'DIbaH invertebrate pong latlhpu'.2. DapIHchugh, Hom ro, ghuS 'ej upper gham Hom Hom DaH nobvam skeleton bony framework wIbchoHDI' pagh Dumerbe' Hom qar.3. DeSDu' upper pItlh backbone tu'lu' nach Hom. qoD nach Hom yab. Hom jIHMej chenmoH woDDI' box rur tlham, nach Hom je vInaD movable Hom ghuS DaH Dumerbe' DaH nobvam nach Hom.4. tu'lu' latlh box Hom in front of backbone. HoS mo'-chest, inside of baS tu'lu' tIq HuHwIj 'ej Dumerbe' joQ, 'oH De''e' backbone muv wanHa' round towards je tlhop breastbone je. spinal tut, joQ je breastbone DaH nobvam ro Hom.5. lom muv DeS legh volchaH je cha' Hom-mongDech-Hom je tlhop 'ej volchaH-'etlh De''e' consists volchaH narghtaHvIS 'oH. yav DeSqIv volchaH je jojDaq pa' neH wa' Hom neH DeS, 'ach DuqIppu'chugh DeSqIv yeb cha'. qaStaHvIS yeb tu'lu' chorgh Hom mach. chaH vInaD wanHa' yeb chaw' bound (связаны) nItebHa', 'ach mI' yIteb. veb ghop narghtaHvIS 'oH Hom ghoS. qaStaHvIS lom ghop toch pagh tu'lu' vagh tIq bones-wa' Hoch nItlh wa' rIlwI' je. wej Hom ghaj Hoch nItlh 'ej cha' ghaj rIlwI'. vaj cha'maH-Soch Hom wIghaj neH ghop yeb nIteb 'ej framework.
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