Trial by jury is an ancient and important feature of Englishjustice. A перевод - Trial by jury is an ancient and important feature of Englishjustice. A китайский как сказать

Trial by jury is an ancient and imp

Trial by jury is an ancient and important feature of English
justice. Although it has declined in civil cases (except for libel
and fraud), it is the main element in criminal trials in the crown
court. Jury membership was once linked to the ownership of property, which resulted in male and middle-class
dominance. But now most categories of British residents are obliged
to undertake jury service when summoned.
Before the start of a criminal trial in the crown court, 12 jurors
are chosen from a list of some 30 names randomly selected from
local electoral registers. They listen to the evidence at the trial
and give their verdict on the facts, after having been isolated in a separate room for their deliberations. In England, Wales and
Northern Ireland the verdict may be 'guilty' or 'not guilty',
the latter resulting in acquittal. Until 1967 the verdict had to be
unanimous • But now the judge will accept a majority verdict after
the jury has deliberated for more than two hours provided that, in the normal jury of 12 people, there are no more than two dissenters.
In Scotland the jury's verdict may be 'guilty', 'not guilty' or
'not proven', the accused is acquitted if either of the last two
verdicts is given. As a general rule no one may be convicted;
without corroborated evidence from at least two sources.
If the jury acquits the defendant, the prosecution has no
right of appeal and the defendant cannot be tried again for the
same offence.
judiciary . Any attempt to
. Potential jurors are put
on a panel before the start of the trial. In England and Wales the
prosecution and the defence may challenge; individual jurors on
the panel, giving reasons for doing so. In Scotland the prosecution or defence may challenge up to three jurors without reason. In Northern Ireland each defendant has the right to challenge up to 12 potential jurors without giving a reason.
People between the ages of 18 and 70 (65 in Scotland) whose names appear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions,
are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at
random. Ineligible people include, for example, judges and people
who have within the previous ten years been members of the legal
profession or the police, prison or probation services. People
convicted of certain offences within the previous ten years cannot
serve on a jury. Anyone who has received a prison sentence of five
years or more is disqualified for life.

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Trial by jury is an ancient and important feature of Englishjustice. Although it has declined in civil cases (except for libeland fraud), it is the main element in criminal trials in the crowncourt. Jury membership was once linked to the ownership of property, which resulted in male and middle-classdominance. But now most categories of British residents are obligedto undertake jury service when summoned.Before the start of a criminal trial in the crown court, 12 jurorsare chosen from a list of some 30 names randomly selected fromlocal electoral registers. They listen to the evidence at the trialand give their verdict on the facts, after having been isolated in a separate room for their deliberations. In England, Wales andNorthern Ireland the verdict may be 'guilty' or 'not guilty',the latter resulting in acquittal. Until 1967 the verdict had to beunanimous • But now the judge will accept a majority verdict afterthe jury has deliberated for more than two hours provided that, in the normal jury of 12 people, there are no more than two dissenters.In Scotland the jury's verdict may be 'guilty', 'not guilty' or'not proven', the accused is acquitted if either of the last twoverdicts is given. As a general rule no one may be convicted; without corroborated evidence from at least two sources.If the jury acquits the defendant, the prosecution has noright of appeal and the defendant cannot be tried again for thesame offence.judiciary . Any attempt to . Potential jurors are puton a panel before the start of the trial. In England and Wales theprosecution and the defence may challenge; individual jurors onthe panel, giving reasons for doing so. In Scotland the prosecution or defence may challenge up to three jurors without reason. In Northern Ireland each defendant has the right to challenge up to 12 potential jurors without giving a reason.People between the ages of 18 and 70 (65 in Scotland) whose names appear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions,are liable for jury service and their names are chosen atrandom. Ineligible people include, for example, judges and peoplewho have within the previous ten years been members of the legalprofession or the police, prison or probation services. Peopleconvicted of certain offences within the previous ten years cannotserve on a jury. Anyone who has received a prison sentence of fiveyears or more is disqualified for life.
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由陪审团审判是英国的一个古老而重要的特点
正义。虽然在民事案件中有所下降(除诽谤
和欺诈),它是在冠刑事审判的主要元素
法庭。陪审团成员曾经与财产所有权,这就造成了男性和中产阶级
的主导地位。但现在大多数类别的英国居民有义务
承担陪审团服务时,召见。
在巡回刑事法院刑事审判开始前,12名陪审员
是从从随机抽取了30名的名单中选出
当地的选民登记册。他们倾听在审判的证据
,并给他们的判决对事实,被隔离在他们讨论一个单独的房间后。在英格兰,威尔士和
北爱尔兰的判决可能是“有罪”或“无罪”,
导致无罪释放后者。直到1967年的判决必须是
一致的•现在法官将接受多数裁决后,
陪审团商议的前提是,在12人的陪审团正常,没有两个以上的持不同政见者两个多小时。
在苏格兰,陪审团的裁决可能是“有罪”,“无罪”或
“没有证明”,被告如果其中最后两个被无罪释放
的判决给出。作为一般规则,任何人不得被定罪;
。不从至少两个来源确凿的证据,
如果陪审团acquits被告,检方没有
上诉的权利,被告不能在再次尝试
同样的罪行。
司法机关。任何企图
。潜在的陪审员都放在
面板上的审判开始前。在英格兰和威尔士,
控方和辩方可能挑战; 个别陪审员
面板,给人这样做的原因。在苏格兰控方或辩方可能挑战最多三个陪审员没有道理。在北爱尔兰,每个被告都有挑战长达12潜在的陪审员没有给一个理由。
18和70(65苏格兰)的名字出现在选民登记,但有一些例外岁之间的人,
是出任陪审员责任和他们的名字被选择在
随机的。不合格的人包括,例如,法官和人民
在过去的十年一直在法律的范围内的成员谁拥有
专业或警察,监狱和缓刑服务。人们
在过去的十年中被判犯有某种罪行不能
担任陪审员。谁收到五个服刑人
年或以上被取消资格终身。

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陪审团的审判是一个古老而重要的英语
公正性特征。虽然它在民事案件下降(除诽谤
和欺诈),它是在冠
法院在刑事审判中的主要元素。陪审团成员曾与财产所有权,导致男性和中产阶级
优势。但现在大多数类别的英国居民被迫
承接陪审团服务在召唤。
在刑事法院刑事审判的开始,12名陪审员
从一个列表中的大约30名随机选择的选择
地方选举登记。他们倾听在审判
的证据和事实做出了裁决,被隔离在一个单独的房间后,他们的决策。在英格兰,威尔士和
北爱尔兰的判决可能是“有罪”或“无罪”,
导致无罪释放后。直到1967的裁决必须
一致•但现在法官会接受多数裁决后
陪审团审议了两个多小时的规定,在正常的12人的陪审团,没有超过两人。
苏格兰陪审团的判决可能是“有罪”,“不有罪或
“没有证明被告是无罪的,如果最后两
判决了。作为一般规则,任何人不得被定罪;
没有确凿的证据从至少两个来源。
如果陪审团判决被告,原告没有
上诉的权利,被告不能再次参加
相同的罪行。
司法。任何试图
。把
是潜在的陪审员面板上的审判开始前。在英格兰和威尔士的
起诉和辩护可能挑战;单个陪审员在
面板,给的理由这样做。在苏格兰起诉或者辩护可能挑战三陪审员没有原因。在北爱尔兰各被告人有权挑战多达12个潜在的陪审员没有给出理由。
18和70岁之间的人(苏格兰65)的名字出现在选民登记,某些例外,
是陪审团服务的责任,他们的名字都在
随机选择。不合格的人包括,例如,法官和人民
曾在过去十年的法律
职业或警察的成员,监狱和缓刑服务。人们
因某些罪行之前十年内不能
担任陪审员。任何人谁已经收到了五
年以上监禁是没有资格生存。

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