Medical Education in Great BritainA

Medical Education in Great Britain

A delegation of English doctors visited the Pavlov St. Petersburg Medical University. They were shown the clinics and laboratories of the University. At the end of their visit the Rector of the University invited the guests to the Conference Hall where they had a meeting with the teaching staff and students!J5r. Glenn Stanton was asked to speak about medical education in Great Britain, This is what Dr. G. Stanton said: «Dear colleagues. In Great Britain physicians are trained in either medical schools or faculties of Universities. We have medical schools in the Universities of London, Oxford, Birmingham, Bristol and Edinburgh. There are faculties of medicine in the Universities of Liverpool, Manchester, Glasgow and Aberdeen. And there is the School of Clinical Medicine in the University of Cambridge. Entry to a medical school is highly competitive and usually the number of candidates is much higher than the number of the places/^

To enter a medical school in Great Britain candidates must pass entrance examinations. Entrance examinations are both oral and written. Students take these examinations at the end of their 6-year secondary-school course, generally at the age of 18—19 years. For entrance to a faculty of medicine or a medical school, it is required that the subjects of chemistry, physics and biology or mathematics should be taken at the advanced level. Tuition fees are charged. Most students receive financial assistance in the form of grants, which cover their expenses wholly or in part.

]Now about the academic year. It is divided into 3 terms, each of 10—11 weeks' duration. The terms run from October to December, from January to March and from April to June. Clinical students, however, attend for 48 weeks of the year. I must tell you that undergraduate education occupies five years, consisting essentially of two years of basic sciences and three years of clinical work. j

Two pre-clinical years are occupied by human anatomy and biology, physiology and biochemistry. They also study physiology, statistics and genetics. Students attend lectures, do dissections and practical work in labs. Unlike in your country Latin is not taught in all medical schools.

English and Latin spellings are similar and it is possible to write out prescriptions in English too.

Beginning with the third year the students study the methods of clinical examinations and history taking, general pathology, microbiology, pharmacology and community medicine. Senior students and especially undergraduates spend most of their time in teaching hospitals, which have both in-patient and out-patient departments, or units. Daily bedside instruction in hospital wards and out-patient departments is given by teachers and doctors. Students follow up their patients and attend ward rounds. Besides the work in the wards the students attend demonstrations and clinical conferences as well as lectures in clinical subjects which are being studied j f^nd now about the examinations. As in your country examinations in our medical schools are held at the erfd of each term. In our case it is three times a year. At the end of each term and after each special course students take final exams. They are called sessionals. Most of the exams are written. They include academic and practical problems. The final examinations or finals are in Medicine^ Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pathology. Finals also iijemde history taking and diagnosing. Before finals in Surgery students assist in operations. Before finals in Obstetrics and Gynaecology they must assist during the delivery of at least 20 babies. These examinations are both written and oral. Written test includes short and long questions and questions of multiple choice. Oral tests include diagnosing a case. So three years are spent in clinical studies to obtain degrees of Bachelor of Medicine (B.M.) and Bachelor of Surgery (B.S.). The degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery give the right to register as a medical practitioner 3 ^After the finals graduates work in hospitals for a year. This period is called internship. The newly qualified doctor must serve for six months as a house physician and six months as a house suigeon under the supervision of his medical school. House physicians and surgeons are on call every second or third night. The work of interns is very difficult and their salary is very small. After internship a young doctor obtains a «Certificate of Experience» from the medical school and he or she may work as a medical practitioner. tr!Turther specialization requires training in residency. It takes one or two years of work in a hospital in some field. Residency trains highly qualified specialists in a definite field: gynaecologists, urologists, neurologists and others. The salary of residents is higher than the salary of interns. After residency a specialist gets rather a high salary.

Besides the degrees of B.M. and B.S., we have the degree of Doctor of Medicine (M.D.). This degree is a postgraduate qualification obtained by writing a thesis based on original work. It is not required for practice. Such a degree in surgery is termed a mastership (M.S.)»

Glenn Stanton answered the questions of the teachers and students. Then the Rector thanked Dr. Stanton for his interesting talk and invited the British delegation to the performance of the students' amateur theatre.

Результаты (русский) 1:

Медицинское образование в ВеликобританииПавлов Санкт-Петербургский медицинский университет посетила делегация английских врачей. Они показали, клиники и лаборатории университета. В конце своего визита ректора университета пригласил гостей в конференц-зале, где они провели встречу с профессорско-преподавательского состава и студентов! J5r. Гленн Stanton было предложено говорить о медицинском образовании в Великобритании, это то, что доктор G. Stanton сказал: «Уважаемые коллеги. В Великобритании врачи проходят подготовку в медицинских учебных заведений и факультетов университетов. У нас есть медицинские школы в университетах Лондона, Оксфорд, Бирмингем, Бристоль и Эдинбурге. Существует медицинских факультетов в университетах Ливерпуль, Манчестер, Глазго и Абердина. И есть школа клинической медицины в университете Кембриджа. Вход в медицинской школе является весьма конкурентоспособным и обычно число кандидатов намного выше, чем число мест / ^Чтобы войти в медицинскую школу в Великобритании кандидаты должны сдать вступительные экзамены. Устные и письменные экзамены. Студенты принимают эти экзамены в конце их 6-летний курс средней школы, как правило в возрасте 18 — 19 лет. Для поступления на факультет медицины или в медицинской школе, требуется принять субъектов химии, физики и биологии и математике на продвинутом уровне. Взимается плата за обучение. Большинство студентов получают финансовую помощь в виде грантов, которые покрывают свои расходы, полностью или частично.] Теперь о учебный год. Оно разделено в 3 триместров, каждый из 10 — 11 недель. Условия запуска с октября до декабря, с января по март и с апреля по июнь. Клинические, однако, обучаются на 48 недель в году. Я должен вам сказать что undergraduate образования занимает пять лет, состоящая главным образом из двух лет фундаментальных наук и три года клинической работы. jДва доклинические лет заняты человеческой анатомии и биологии, физиологии и биохимии. Они также изучают, физиологии, статистики и генетики. Студенты посещают лекции, делать вскрытия и практической работы в лабораториях. В отличие от в вашей стране Латинской не преподается во всех медицинских школах.Английский и Латинский правописание похожи и возможна выписывать рецепты на английском языке тоже.Beginning with the third year the students study the methods of clinical examinations and history taking, general pathology, microbiology, pharmacology and community medicine. Senior students and especially undergraduates spend most of their time in teaching hospitals, which have both in-patient and out-patient departments, or units. Daily bedside instruction in hospital wards and out-patient departments is given by teachers and doctors. Students follow up their patients and attend ward rounds. Besides the work in the wards the students attend demonstrations and clinical conferences as well as lectures in clinical subjects which are being studied j f^nd now about the examinations. As in your country examinations in our medical schools are held at the erfd of each term. In our case it is three times a year. At the end of each term and after each special course students take final exams. They are called sessionals. Most of the exams are written. They include academic and practical problems. The final examinations or finals are in Medicine^ Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pathology. Finals also iijemde history taking and diagnosing. Before finals in Surgery students assist in operations. Before finals in Obstetrics and Gynaecology they must assist during the delivery of at least 20 babies. These examinations are both written and oral. Written test includes short and long questions and questions of multiple choice. Oral tests include diagnosing a case. So three years are spent in clinical studies to obtain degrees of Bachelor of Medicine (B.M.) and Bachelor of Surgery (B.S.). The degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery give the right to register as a medical practitioner 3 ^After the finals graduates work in hospitals for a year. This period is called internship. The newly qualified doctor must serve for six months as a house physician and six months as a house suigeon under the supervision of his medical school. House physicians and surgeons are on call every second or third night. The work of interns is very difficult and their salary is very small. After internship a young doctor obtains a «Certificate of Experience» from the medical school and he or she may work as a medical practitioner. tr!Turther specialization requires training in residency. It takes one or two years of work in a hospital in some field. Residency trains highly qualified specialists in a definite field: gynaecologists, urologists, neurologists and others. The salary of residents is higher than the salary of interns. After residency a specialist gets rather a high salary.Besides the degrees of B.M. and B.S., we have the degree of Doctor of Medicine (M.D.). This degree is a postgraduate qualification obtained by writing a thesis based on original work. It is not required for practice. Such a degree in surgery is termed a mastership (M.S.)»Glenn Stanton answered the questions of the teachers and students. Then the Rector thanked Dr. Stanton for his interesting talk and invited the British delegation to the performance of the students' amateur theatre.

Результаты (русский) 3:

медицинское образование в великобритании

делегация английского врачи посетили павлов санкт - петербургского медицинского университета.они были показаны клиники и в лабораториях университета.по окончании визита ректор университета приглашает гостей в зале, где они провели встречу с преподавателями и студентами.j5r.гленн стэнтон попросили высказаться по поводу медицинского образования в великобритании, это то, что доктор г. стэнтон сказал: « уважаемые коллеги.в великобритании врачи проходят либо в медицинских школах или факультетами университетов.у нас есть медицинской школы в университеты лондона, оксфорд, бирмингем, бристоль и эдинбурге.есть медицинских факультетах в университетах в ливерпуле, манчестере,глазго, абердина.и существует школа клинической медицины в кембриджском университете.запись в медицинской школе проводится на конкурсной основе и, как правило, число кандидатов, намного превышает число мест /


вступить в медицинской школе в великобритании, кандидаты должны сдать вступительные экзамены.вступительные экзамены - устно и письменно.студенты этих экзаменов по окончании средней школы шестилетний курс, в основном в возрасте 18 - 19 лет.для входа на факультет медицины и медицинской школы, необходимо, чтобы вопросы, химии, физики и биологии и математике, должно быть принято на продвинутом уровне.плата за обучение взимается.большинство студентов получают финансовую помощь в форме субсидий,который покрывают свои расходы, полностью или частично,.

] теперь об учебном году.она делится на три круга, каждый из 10 недель.кругом беги с октября по декабрь, в период с января по март и апрель - июнь.клинические студентов, однако присутствовать на 48 недель в году.я должен вам сказать, что высшего образования занимает пять летв составе, по существу, в течение двух лет фундаментальных наук и три года клинической работе.j

2 доклинические лет заняты в анатомии и биологии, физиологии и биохимии.они также исследования физиологии, статистики и генетики.студенты посещают лекции, у dissections и практической работы в лаборатории.в отличие от в вашей стране латинской не преподается во всех медицинских школах.