Medical Education in the USADr. Fra

Medical Education in the USA

Dr. Frank Nelson and his colleagues from the Johns Hopkins Uni- versity School of Medicine had been guests for some time of the Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. They had a meeting with the Professors and students of the Medical Faculty. This is what Dr. Nelson told them about the training of doctors in the USA.

Dr. Nelson: To begin with, after finishing his primary school and secondary studies at the age of 18, the candidate for a medical school must complete at least three years of higher education in a college or university.

This period of college or university studies is called «the pre-medical phase». The students who are taking this course of studies preparing them for a medical school are called «pre-meds». A student applies to a medical school when he has completed pre-medical studies. The application costs approximately $ 50.

Sasha Nikiforov: Dr. Nelson, would you kindly tell us about the selection of students for medical schools?

Dr. Nelson: Sure. Academic achievement is the most important factor in the selection of students. In most medical schools candidates are required to pass the admission test. This is a national multiple-choice test. The test lasts about eight hours over a one-day period and includes questions in biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and English. Then, special admission committees have personal interviews with the applicant in order to assess the candidate's general qualities, his character and his ability to study medicine.

Nina Mironova: Dr. Nelson, is there any competition among the applicants to medical school?

Dr. Nelson: There certainly is. I must tell you that the competition is very high and only about half of those who apply to medical school are accepted and begin their medical education. By the way, what we call «medical school» is «medical institute» in your country.

Dean of the Medical Faculty: Dr. Nelson, we know that the curriculum of medical schools in the USA does not greatly differ from the curriculum in our medical institutes. Is that right?

Dr. Nelson: Well, the basic sciences are taught largely during the first two years of medical studies. For instance, in the first year at Johns Hopkins students study anatomy, biophysics, biochemistry, physiology, bacteriology, histology and other subjects. In the second year they study microbiology, pathology, physical diagnosis, pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis.

The curriculum of the final two years includes clinical subjects. Medical students do their practicum at teaching hospitals affiliated to the medical school. Students in small groups meet their teachers in the wards and in the out-patient departments where they participate in the treatment of patients.

At the end of four years all students receive the Degree of Doctor of Medicine, that is the M.D. Then they must work for one year as interns. This course of training at the hospital or clinic is called an internship.

Dr. Smirnov: Dr. Nelson, yesterday we spoke about the work of young doctors. You told us that after their internship young doctors must have a period of residency at the clinic. For how many years must a doctor work as a resident?

Dr. Nelson: First of all, the period of residency is obligatory for all medical graduates. This period varies, depending on the specialty of the doctor. Generally, the period of residency is three or four years. For instance, residency in surgery and neurosurgery in the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine lasts four years. Residency in internal medicine,

preventive medicine and radiology lasts for three years. After the residency, the graduate is granted a licence to practice and he may work either in government service or in private practice.

Sasha Nikiforov: Dr. Nelson, what is the cost of medical education in America?

Dr. Nelson: Well, medical schools are gradually increasing their tuition fee in all the universities of the USA. Only a small percentage of the students receive scholarships. The majority of the students have to work to pay for their studies. The government-financed universities charge less, while the tuition of the private colleges and universities is extremely high. For instance, when I was a student (and it's much higher now), the cost of medical studies for one academic year at the Medical School of Cornell University in New York, which is privately endowed, was as follows:

Tuition - 9,100 dollars; books, instruments, etc. - 600 dollars; food

- 1,800 dollars; lodging and utilities - 1,400 dollars; health service fee

- 200 dollars; hospital insurance - 143 dollars, personal - 1,200. All in all it amounted to 14,443 dollars. These figures represent what used to be a typical budget for an academic year.

The Dean of the Medical Faculty thanked Dr. Nelson and his colleagues for the talk and invited them to visit the clinics of the Academy.

Результаты (русский) 1:

Medical Education in the USADr. Frank Nelson and his colleagues from the Johns Hopkins Uni- versity School of Medicine had been guests for some time of the Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. They had a meeting with the Professors and students of the Medical Faculty. This is what Dr. Nelson told them about the training of doctors in the USA.Dr. Nelson: To begin with, after finishing his primary school and secondary studies at the age of 18, the candidate for a medical school must complete at least three years of higher education in a college or university.This period of college or university studies is called «the pre-medical phase». The students who are taking this course of studies preparing them for a medical school are called «pre-meds». A student applies to a medical school when he has completed pre-medical studies. The application costs approximately $ 50.Sasha Nikiforov: Dr. Nelson, would you kindly tell us about the selection of students for medical schools?Dr. Nelson: Sure. Academic achievement is the most important factor in the selection of students. In most medical schools candidates are required to pass the admission test. This is a national multiple-choice test. The test lasts about eight hours over a one-day period and includes questions in biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and English. Then, special admission committees have personal interviews with the applicant in order to assess the candidate's general qualities, his character and his ability to study medicine.Nina Mironova: Dr. Nelson, is there any competition among the applicants to medical school?Dr. Nelson: There certainly is. I must tell you that the competition is very high and only about half of those who apply to medical school are accepted and begin their medical education. By the way, what we call «medical school» is «medical institute» in your country.Dean of the Medical Faculty: Dr. Nelson, we know that the curriculum of medical schools in the USA does not greatly differ from the curriculum in our medical institutes. Is that right?Dr. Nelson: Well, the basic sciences are taught largely during the first two years of medical studies. For instance, in the first year at Johns Hopkins students study anatomy, biophysics, biochemistry, physiology, bacteriology, histology and other subjects. In the second year they study microbiology, pathology, physical diagnosis, pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis.The curriculum of the final two years includes clinical subjects. Medical students do their practicum at teaching hospitals affiliated to the medical school. Students in small groups meet their teachers in the wards and in the out-patient departments where they participate in the treatment of patients.At the end of four years all students receive the Degree of Doctor of Medicine, that is the M.D. Then they must work for one year as interns. This course of training at the hospital or clinic is called an internship.Dr. Smirnov: Dr. Nelson, yesterday we spoke about the work of young doctors. You told us that after their internship young doctors must have a period of residency at the clinic. For how many years must a doctor work as a resident?Dr. Nelson: First of all, the period of residency is obligatory for all medical graduates. This period varies, depending on the specialty of the doctor. Generally, the period of residency is three or four years. For instance, residency in surgery and neurosurgery in the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine lasts four years. Residency in internal medicine,preventive medicine and radiology lasts for three years. After the residency, the graduate is granted a licence to practice and he may work either in government service or in private practice.Sasha Nikiforov: Dr. Nelson, what is the cost of medical education in America?Dr. Nelson: Well, medical schools are gradually increasing their tuition fee in all the universities of the USA. Only a small percentage of the students receive scholarships. The majority of the students have to work to pay for their studies. The government-financed universities charge less, while the tuition of the private colleges and universities is extremely high. For instance, when I was a student (and it's much higher now), the cost of medical studies for one academic year at the Medical School of Cornell University in New York, which is privately endowed, was as follows:Обучение - 9100 долларов; книги, инструменты и т.д. - 600 долларов; питание-1800 долларов; жилье и коммунальные услуги - 1400 долларов; плата за услуги здравоохранения-200 долларов; Больница страхование - 143 долларов, личное - 1200. Все в всех оно составил 14,443 долларов. Эти цифры представляют собой то, что раньше быть типичный бюджет на учебный год.Декан медицинского факультета поблагодарил доктор Нельсон и его коллег за разговоры и пригласил их посетить клиники Академии.

Результаты (русский) 3:

медицинское образование в сша

доктор фрэнк нельсон и его коллеги из университета джона хопкинса UNI - верситет школы медицины были гостями на некоторое время из сеченов московской медицинской академии.они провели встречу с профессоров и студентов медицинского факультета.это то, что доктор нельсон рассказал им о подготовке врачей в сша.

доктор нельсон: для начала,после окончания его начальной школы и средней школы в возрасте 18, кандидата в медицинской школе должен пройти не менее трех лет, высшее образование в колледже или университете.

этот период колледж или университет называют « предварительного медицинского этап ".студенты, которые проходят курс подготовки по подготовке их к медицинской школы называются « до лекарства ".студент обращается в медицинской школе, когда он завершил предварительное медицинское образование.применение стоит приблизительно $50.

саша никифоров: доктор нельсон, ты расскажешь нам об отборе учащихся медицинских учебных заведений?

доктор нельсон: конечно.академические достижения является наиболее важным фактором при отборе студентов.в большинстве медицинских школ, кандидаты должны сдать вступительный тест.это национальный многовариантные испытания.испытание длится около восьми часов в течение однодневного период и включает вопросы в области биологии, химии, физики, математики и английского языка.затем специальный допуск, комитеты личного собеседования с заявителем в целях оценки общего качества кандидата,его характер и его способность учиться медицине.

нина миронова: доктор нельсон, есть ли конкуренция между заявителями в медицинской школе?

доктор нельсон: тут, конечно, есть.я должен вам сказать, что конкуренция очень высокая, и только половина из тех, кто относится к медицинской школы принимаются и начать их медицинское образование.кстати,