This label «Made in Space» for indu

This label «Made in Space» for industrial materials will probably surprise no one in the not so distant future. They may include superconductors, new kinds of alloys, substances with peculiar magnetic properties, supertransparent laser glass, polymers, plastics, and so on. Numerous experiments carried out at the Russian orbital space stations have paved the way to the development of methods and means of industrial production of new materials of better quality on board a spacecraft. Experts estimate that within a few coming years industrial production of various materials will be started in space.
Conditions on board a space vehicle orbiting Earth greatly differ from those on its surface. However, all of these conditions can be simulated on Earth, except for one — prolonged weightlessness. Weightlessness can be created on Earth, but only for a few seconds. A space flight is another matter: a satellite orbiting Earth is in a dynamic zero-gravity state, i.e., when gravity is cancelled out by inertia.
What can weightlessness be used for? Many well-known processes go on differently due to the absence of weight. The Archimedes principle is no longer valid and, consequently, stable-state liquid mixtures can be obtained, the components of which would immediately separate on Earth because of different density. In case of melts of metals, glasses or semiconductors, they can be cooled down to the solidification point even in space and then brought back to Earth. Such materials will possess quite unusual qualities.
In space there is no gravitational convection, i.e., movements of gases or liquids caused by difference of temperatures. It is well-known that various defects in semiconductors occur because of convection. Biochemists also have to deal with the worst aspects of convection, for example, in the production of superpure biologically active substances. Convection makes it very difficult on Earth.
Following the launch of the first orbital stations the specialists started experiments aimed at proving the advantages of the zero-gravity state for the production of certain materials. In this country all orbital stations from Salyut 5 onwards were used for that purpose, as well as rockets. Since 1976 over 600 technological experiments have been carried out on board manned and unmanned space vehicles.

Результаты (русский) 1:

Эта метка «Сделано в пространстве» для промышленных материалов вероятно удивит никто в не столь отдаленном будущем. Они могут включать сверхпроводников, новые виды сплавов, вещества с своеобразный магнитных свойств, supertransparent лазерное стекло, полимеры, пластмассы и так далее. Многочисленные эксперименты, проведенные на российских орбитальных космических станциях проложили путь к разработке методов и средств промышленного производства новых материалов лучшего качества на борту корабля. По оценкам экспертов, что в течение нескольких ближайшие лет начала промышленного производства различных материалов в космосе. Условия на борту космического корабля орбите Земли значительно отличаются от тех, на его поверхности. Однако, все эти условия могут быть смоделированы на земле, за исключением одного — длительной невесомости. Невесомости могут создаваться на земле, но только на несколько секунд. Космический полет-это другой вопрос: спутниковой орбите Земли находится в динамическом состоянии невесомости, то есть, когда тяжести отменяется по инерции. Что может невесомости использоваться для? Многие известные процессы идут по-разному из-за отсутствия веса. Архимеда принцип больше не действителен и, следовательно, стабильного состояния жидкой смеси могут быть получены, компоненты которого сразу же будут отдельные на земле из-за различной плотности. В случае расплавов металлов, очки или полупроводников они могут охлаждается до точки затвердевания даже в космосе и затем вернулись на землю. Такие материалы будут обладать довольно необычных качеств. In space there is no gravitational convection, i.e., movements of gases or liquids caused by difference of temperatures. It is well-known that various defects in semiconductors occur because of convection. Biochemists also have to deal with the worst aspects of convection, for example, in the production of superpure biologically active substances. Convection makes it very difficult on Earth. Following the launch of the first orbital stations the specialists started experiments aimed at proving the advantages of the zero-gravity state for the production of certain materials. In this country all orbital stations from Salyut 5 onwards were used for that purpose, as well as rockets. Since 1976 over 600 technological experiments have been carried out on board manned and unmanned space vehicles.