The British police officer is a wel

The British police officer is a well-known figure to anyone who has visited Britain or who has seen British films. Policemen are to be seen in towns and cities keeping law and order, either walking in pairs down the streets ("walking the beat") or driving specially marked police cars. Once known as 'panda cars' because of their distinctive markings, these are now often jokingly referred to as 'jam sandwiches' because of the pink fluorescent stripe running horizontally around the bodywork. In the past, policemen were often known as ‘bobbies’ after Sir Robert Peel, the founder of the police force. Nowadays, common nicknames include 'the cops’, ‘the fuzz’, ‘the pigs’, and ‘the Old Bill’ (particularly in London). Few people realize, however, that the police in Britain are organized very differently from many other countries.
Most countries, for example, have a national police force which is controlled by central Government. Britain has no national police force, although police policy is governed by the central Government's Home Office. Instead, there is a separate police force for each of 52 areas into which the country is divided. Each has a police authority — a committee of local county councilors and magistrates.
The forces co-operate with each other, but it is unusual for members of one force to operate in another's area unless they are asked to give assistance. This sometimes happens when there has been a very serious crime. A Chief Constable (the most senior police officer of a force) may sometimes ask for the assistance of London's police force, based at New Scotland Yard — known simply as “the Yard”.
In most countries the police carry guns. In Britain, however, this is extremely unusual. Policemen do not, as a rule, carry firearms in their day-to-day work, though certain specialist units are trained to do so and can be called upon to help the regular police force in situations where firearms are involved, e.g. terrorist incidents, armed robberies etc. The only policemen who routinely carry weapons are those assigned to guard politicians and diplomats, or special officers who patrol airports.
In certain circumstances specially trained police officers can be armed, but only with the signed permission of a magistrate.
All members of the police must have gained a certain level of academic qualifications at school and undergone a period of intensive training. Like in the army, there are a number of ranks: after the Chief Constable comes the Assistant Chief Constable, Chief Superintendent, Chief Inspector, Inspector, Sergeant and Constable. Women make up about 10 per cent of the police force. The police are helped by a number of Special Constables — members of the public who work for the police voluntarily for a few hours a week.
Each police force has its own Criminal Investigation Department (CID), Members of CIDs are detectives, and they do not wear uniforms. (The other uniformed people you see in British towns are traffic wardens. Their job is to make sure that drivers obey the parking regulations. They have no other powers — it is the police who are responsible for controlling offences like speeding, careless driving and drunken driving.)
The duties of the police are varied, ranging from assisting at accidents to safeguarding public order and dealing with lost property. One of their main functions is, of course, apprehending criminals and would-be criminals.

Результаты (румынский) 1:

Ofiţer britanic de poliţie este o figură cunoscută pentru oricine care a vizitat Marea Britanie sau cine a vazut filmele britanice. Poliţiştii sunt pentru a fi văzut în oraşe menţinerea legii şi ordinii, fie mersul pe jos în perechi strazile ("walking bate") sau conducere special marcate masini de politie. Odată cunoscut ca 'popovici masini' din cauza lor marcajele distinctiv, acestea sunt acum adesea în glumă denumit 'gem de sandwich-uri' din cauza dungă roz fluorescent rulează orizontal în jurul caroseriei. În trecut, poliţiştii au fost adesea cunoscute ca 'bobbies' după Sir Robert Peel, fondator al forţelor de poliţie. In zilele noastre, porecle comune includ "politia", 'puf', 'porci' şi 'Bill vechi' (în special în Londra). Putini oameni dau seama, totuşi, că poliţia din Regatul Unit sunt organizate foarte diferit de multe alte ţări. Majoritatea ţărilor, de exemplu, avea o forţă de poliţie naţională, care este controlată de guvernul central. Marea Britanie a nici o forţă de poliţie naţională, deşi poliţia politică este reglementată de guvernul central Home Office. În schimb, există o forţă de poliţie separat pentru fiecare din 52 zonele în care este împărţit ţara. Fiecare are o autoritate de poliţie-un comitet de consilieri locali judeţ şi magistraţilor. Forţele cooperează între ele, dar este neobişnuit pentru membrii de o forţă să funcţioneze într-un alt domeniu decât dacă aceştia sunt rugaţi să acorde asistenţă. Acest lucru se întâmplă, uneori, atunci când a existat o infracţiune foarte gravă. Un jandarm şef (cel mai înalt ofiţer de poliţie de forță) uneori poate solicita sprijinul forţelor de poliţie de Londra, pe bază de la New Scotland Yard-cunoscut doar ca "curte". În majoritatea ţărilor de poliţie să tunuri. În Marea Britanie, cu toate acestea, acest lucru este extrem de neobişnuit. Poliţiştii nu, ca regulă, transporta arme de foc în munca lor de zi cu zi, deşi anumite unitati specializate sunt pregătiţi să facă acest lucru şi poate fi solicitat pentru a ajuta regulat forţa de poliţie în situaţii în care sunt implicate de arme de foc, incidentele de exemplu teroriste, înarmat jafuri etc. Numai de poliţişti, care în mod obişnuit poartă arme sunt cele atribuite de paza politicieni si diplomati sau ofiţeri speciale care patrula aeroporturi. În anumite circumstanţe ofiţeri de poliţie special instruit poate fi înarmat, dar numai cu acordul semnat de un magistrat. Toţi membrii poliţiei trebuie să aibă câştigat un anumit nivel de calificare academică la şcoală şi supuse unei perioade de antrenament intensiv. Ca în armată, există un număr de ranguri: după Chief Constable vine asistent Chief Constable, inspectorul sef, inspectorul-sef, Inspector, sergent şi Constable. Femeile fac până aproximativ 10 la sută din forţa de poliţie. Poliţia sunt ajutati de un numar de polițiști speciale — membrilor publicului care lucrează pentru poliţie voluntar pentru câteva ore pe săptămână. Each police force has its own Criminal Investigation Department (CID), Members of CIDs are detectives, and they do not wear uniforms. (The other uniformed people you see in British towns are traffic wardens. Their job is to make sure that drivers obey the parking regulations. They have no other powers — it is the police who are responsible for controlling offences like speeding, careless driving and drunken driving.) The duties of the police are varied, ranging from assisting at accidents to safeguarding public order and dealing with lost property. One of their main functions is, of course, apprehending criminals and would-be criminals.