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Text 1. DATA PROCESSING AND DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS



Зміст

Завдання…………………………………………………………………………….2
Відповіді…………………………………………………………………………….7
Завдання :

Text 1. DATA PROCESSING AND DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

The necessary data are processed by a computer to become useful information. In fact, this is the definition of data processing. Data are a collection of facts - unorganized but able to be organized into useful information. Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert inputs into outputs. When wc speak of data processing, the input is data, and the output is useful information. So, we can define data processing as a series of actions or operations that convert data into useful information.
We use the term "data processing system to include the resources that are used to accomplish the processing of data. There are four types of resources: people, materials, facilities, and equipment. People provide input to computers, operate them, and use their output.
The need for converting facts into useful information is not a phenomenon of modern life. Throughout history, and even prehistory, people have found it necessary to sort data into forms that were easier to understand. For example, the ancient Egyptians recorded the ebb and flow of the Nile River and used this information to predict yearly crop yields. Today computers convert data about land and water into recommendations to farmers on crop planting. Mechanical aids to computations were developed and improved upon in Europe, Asia, and America throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Modem computers are marvels of an electronics technology that continues to produce smaller, Cheaper, and more powerful components.
Five basic operations are characteristic of all data processing systems: inputting, storing, processing, outputting, and controlling. They are defined as follows.
Inputting is the process of entering data, which are collected facts, into a data processing system. Storing is saving aata or information so iiiai ihey are avaiiabie for initial or for additional processing. Processing represents performing arithmetic or logical operations on data in order to convert them into useful information. Outputting is the process of producing useful infoimation, such as a printed report or visual display. ,
Controlling is directing the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations are performed.
It is known that data, once entered, are organized and stored in successively more comprehensive groupings. Generally, these groupings are called data storage hierarchy. The general groupings of any data storage hierarchy are as follows:
1. Characters, which are all written language symbols: letters, numbers, and special symbols.
2. Data elements, which are meaningful collections of related characters. Data elements are also called data items or fields.




1.Read the following international words and give their Ukrainian equivalents:

fact, operation, system, material, printer, special, phenomenon, recommendation, f technology, component, arithmetic, symbol, element, collection, bank.

2.Arrange the following words in pairs according to:

a) similar meaning:series, to transform, to define, data, to include,type, 10 provide, to require, to house, modem, throughout, to understand, computation. In continue, basic, to save, to direct, to perform, character, data base, a number, in embrace, to comprehend, to convert, to go on, to demand, to determine, to give, to siotv, to contain, up-to-date, calculation, data bank, to control, symbol, to carry out;
b) opposite meaning:necessary, useful, organized, modem, easier, ebb, to improve, to continue, powerful, initial, above, meaningful, ancient, powerless, useless, final, unnecessary, harder, to stop, meaningless, flow, unorganized, to worsen, below.

3.Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words and word- combinations:

data are processed, to become useful information, the definition of data processing, a series of actions or operations,to convert inputs, to sort data into forms, to accomplish the processing of data, the need for converting facts, throughout history, to record,the

Результаты (русский) 1:

Случайная лекцияО насПолезные cсылкиЗадать вопросКонтактыАкушерствоАнатомияАнестезиологияВакцинопрофилактикаВалеологияВетеринарияГигиенаЗаболеванияИммунологияКардиологияНеврологияНефрологияОнкологияОториноларингологияОфтальмологияПаразитологияПедиатрияПервая помощьПсихиатрияПульмонологияРеанимацияРевматологияСтоматологияТерапияТоксикологияТравматологияУрологияФармакологияФармацевтикаФизиотерапияФтизиатрияХирургияЭндокринологияЭпидемиология Этот продукт "уничтожит" всех паразитов за 1 ночь!Новейший способ, уже покоривший весь мирПОДРОБНЕЕ Распродажа шкафов-купе до конца неделиСкидки до 30%. 3D макет+дизайн = 0 р. Гарантия 5 лет. Срок - ...ПОДРОБНЕЕ Совет кардиохирурга всем, кому за 40Вот Вам мой личный совет - по утрам в 7:00...ПОДРОБНЕЕТекст 1. ОБРАБОТКА ДАННЫХ И СИСТЕМ ОБРАБОТКИ ДАННЫХ ЗМІСТЗАВДАННЯ... 2ВІДПОВІДІ... 7ЗАВДАННЯ:Текст 1. ОБРАБОТКА ДАННЫХ И СИСТЕМ ОБРАБОТКИ ДАННЫХНеобходимые данные обрабатываются с помощью компьютера, чтобы стать полезной информации. В самом деле это определение обработки данных. Данные представляют собой набор фактов - неорганизованные, но могут быть организованы в полезную информацию. Обработка — это серия действий или операций, преобразующих входы в выходы. Когда Туалет говорят обработки данных, входные данные — это данные, и выход является полезной информации. Таким образом мы можем определить обработки данных как серия действий или операций, которые преобразуют данные в полезную информацию.Мы используем термин «система обработки данных, чтобы включить ресурсы, которые используются для выполнения обработки данных. Существует четыре типа ресурсов: люди, материалы, Услуги и оборудование. Люди предоставить входные данные для компьютеров, управлять ими и использовать их вывода.The need for converting facts into useful information is not a phenomenon of modern life. Throughout history, and even prehistory, people have found it necessary to sort data into forms that were easier to understand. For example, the ancient Egyptians recorded the ebb and flow of the Nile River and used this information to predict yearly crop yields. Today computers convert data about land and water into recommendations to farmers on crop planting. Mechanical aids to computations were developed and improved upon in Europe, Asia, and America throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Modem computers are marvels of an electronics technology that continues to produce smaller, Cheaper, and more powerful components.Five basic operations are characteristic of all data processing systems: inputting, storing, processing, outputting, and controlling. They are defined as follows.Inputting is the process of entering data, which are collected facts, into a data processing system. Storing is saving aata or information so iiiai ihey are avaiiabie for initial or for additional processing. Processing represents performing arithmetic or logical operations on data in order to convert them into useful information. Outputting is the process of producing useful infoimation, such as a printed report or visual display. ,Controlling is directing the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations are performed.It is known that data, once entered, are organized and stored in successively more comprehensive groupings. Generally, these groupings are called data storage hierarchy. The general groupings of any data storage hierarchy are as follows:1. Characters, which are all written language symbols: letters, numbers, and special symbols.2. Data elements, which are meaningful collections of related characters. Data elements are also called data items or fields. 1.Read the following international words and give their Ukrainian equivalents:fact, operation, system, material, printer, special, phenomenon, recommendation, f technology, component, arithmetic, symbol, element, collection, bank. 2.Arrange the following words in pairs according to:a) similar meaning:series, to transform, to define, data, to include,type, 10 provide, to require, to house, modem, throughout, to understand, computation. In continue, basic, to save, to direct, to perform, character, data base, a number, in embrace, to comprehend, to convert, to go on, to demand, to determine, to give, to siotv, to contain, up-to-date, calculation, data bank, to control, symbol, to carry out;b) opposite meaning:necessary, useful, organized, modem, easier, ebb, to improve, to continue, powerful, initial, above, meaningful, ancient, powerless, useless, final, unnecessary, harder, to stop, meaningless, flow, unorganized, to worsen, below. 3.Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words and word- combinations:data are processed, to become useful information, the definition of data processing, a series of actions or operations,to convert inputs, to sort data into forms, to accomplish the processing of data, the need for converting facts, throughout history, to record,the